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Cucurbitaceae is an important family of flowering plants containing multiple species of important food plants, such as melons, cucumbers, squashes, and pumpkins. However, a highly efficient genetic transformation system has not been established for most of these species (Nanasato and Tabei, 2020). Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), an economically important and globally cultivated fruit crop, is a model species for fruit quality research due to its rich diversity of fruit size, shape, flavor, aroma, texture, peel and flesh color, and nutritional composition (Guo et al., 2019). Through pan-genome sequencing, many candidate loci associated with fruit quality traits have been identified (Guo et al., 2019). However, few of these loci have been validated. The major barrier is the low transformation efficiency of the species, with only few successful cases of genetic transformation reported so far (Tian et al., 2017; Feng et al., 2021; Wang JF et al., 2021; Wang YP et al., 2021). For example, Tian et al. (2017) obtained only 16 transgenic lines from about 960 cotyledon fragments, yielding a transformation efficiency of 1.67%. Therefore, efficient genetic transformation could not only facilitate the functional genomic studies in watermelon as well as other horticultural species, but also speed up the transgenic and genome-editing breeding.
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CRISPR-Cas Systems , Citrullus/genetics , Cucurbitaceae/genetics , Gene Editing , Plant Breeding , Transformation, GeneticABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis of a patient presenting with dysmorphism, intellectual disability, psychomotor delay and hypoplasia of corpus callosum by using next generation sequencing.@*METHODS@#Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of the patient and his family members and subjected to exome sequencing. Suspected variants were verified with Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#The patient was found to carry a heterozygous c.1357delAinsGGA variant in exon 11 of the TCF4 gene, which was verified as de novo by Sanger sequencing. The variant may result in a truncated protein and affect its function.@*CONCLUSION@#The heterozygous c.1357delAinsGGA variant the TCF4 gene probably underlies the disease in the proband.
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Humans , Male , Facies , Genetic Testing , Hyperventilation/genetics , Intellectual Disability/genetics , Transcription Factor 4/geneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the antioxidant activity of the different polar parts from Dictamnus dasycarpus and its ef-fects on tyrosinase activity. METHODS:Extract was extracted by 95% ethanol from D. dasycarpus,using petroleum ether,chloro-form,ethyl acetate to obtain different polar parts after dissolved in water. 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) method was used to investigate its antioxidant activity [expressed as half inhibitory concentration (IC50)],and tyrosinase method was used to investigate the related activity in different polar parts. RESULTS:The IC50 of petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate parts for scavenging DPPH free radicals were 0.875,0.824,0.407 mg/mL,respectively. When the mass concentration of each polar part were 25.0,50.0,100,200,300,400,500 μg/mL,the inhibition rate of petroleum ether part to tyrosinase were -3.18%,-4.98%,0.160%,0.044%,2.31%,3.89%,4.29%;that of trichloromethane part were -33.39%,-31.48%,-10.14%,-5.42%,-9.70%,-4.06%,-0.42%;and that of ethyl acetate part were -17.63%,-17.89%,-18.42%,-21.84%,-20.26%,-22.13%,-32.36%. CONCLUSIONS:The capacity in scavenging DPPH free radicals in ethyl acetate part is obvi-ously stronger than the other 2 parts,showing positive correlation with the concentration. Ethyl acetate and chloroform chave an ac-tivation effect on tyrosinase,the activation effect of chloroform part on tyrosinase was negatively correlated with the concentration and petroleum ether part has a two-way regulatory effect on the activity of tyrosinase.
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Objective To investigate the effects of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus and processed with vinegar on lipid metabolism of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The rat model of T2DM was induced by high fat diet plus STZ. The rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus high-dose group and low-dose group, and vinegar Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus high-dose group and low- dose group. The rats in each group were fed with the corresponding medicine for gavage for 30 d. FINS, FFA, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and MDH, total protein content of liver tissue were detected. HE staining was used to observe the histomorphological changes of liver and pancreas in rats. Results Compared with the model group, Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus groups and vinegar Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus groups did not show obvious effects on improving FBG and FINS, but it could raise varying degrees of HDL-C and MDH, and reduce FFA, LDL-C, TC, and TG, among which vinegar Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus could significantly regulate metabolism in T2DM rats. Conclusion Vinegar Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus can enhance the lipid metabolism regulatory function of T2DM rats.
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Objective To investigate the honey and bran of processing for chemical compositions of Rosae Laevigatae Fructus.Methods With total polyphenols, total saponins, total polysaccharides and amino acids as the evaluation indexes, changes of the chemical compositions of these four chemical components in Raw product, honey products, bran products of Rosae Laevigatae Fructus were studied; in vitro activity of DPPH radical clearance for evaluation index, antioxidant activity of raw products, honey products, bran products of Rosae Laevigatae Fructus were compared.Results Raw products, honey products, and bran products of total saponin content were 3.332%, 4.880%, and 4.572%; total phenolic contents were 1.92%, 6.38%, and 7.30%; total polysaccharide contents were 35.99%, 40.38%, and 36.86%; the total amino acid contents were 0.67%, 0.76%, and 0.96%. Total polyphenol, total saponins, total polysaccharides, and total amino acids of Rosae Laevigatae Fructus after processing increased, in which the total polyphenol was most obvious; DPPH radical scavenging IC50 of raw products, honey products, and bran products were 0.47, 0.51, and 0.22 mg, respectively.Conclusion Compared with raw product, the content of chemical fractions in honey products and bran products of Rosae Laevigatae Fructus increase, and oxidation resistance is enhanced.
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Objective:To explore the establishment of medical equipment safety risk management system new pathways.Methods: By studying the Medical Device Clinical use of safety management practices (Trial) and the three general hospital accreditation standards Implementing Rules (2011 Edition) Chapter VI (hospital management) Article 9 (Medical Equipment Management) accreditation standards.Results: Risk control made in accordance with relevant national policies and related evaluation criteria four off management model, and to establish an effective risk management system of medical equipment safety.Conclusion: The establishment of medical equipment safety risk management system helped to ensure medical quality and safety, to provide reference for the clinical use of medical equipment to explore the system security risk management through.
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Objective To propose an improved discrete wavelet transform (DWT ) and to apply it in multimodal medical im‐age fusion .Methods Firstly ,the source medical images were initially transformed into the high frequency and low frequency images by DWT ;then the high frequency part adopted the big direction absolute values ,which effectively preserved the detailed informa‐tion of image ,while the low frequency part used the fusion rule of local energy ratio for preserving the most of image information ;finally ,the discrete wavelet reverse transform was used for reconstructing the fusion sub‐images into fusion image .Results By comparing the fusion images by 3 groups of medical images ,this proposed algorithm was superior to other existing algorithms in the aspects of subjective visual effect and objective evaluation indicators .Conclusion The proposed algorithm of medical image fusion is rapid and accurate ,has excellent performance in the noise environment and clinical examples ,can obtain the high quality fusion im‐age and has higher clinical application value .
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Objective To investigate clinical effect and safety of ostium secundum atrial septal defect(ASD) treatment via one -stop hybrid and classical surgical procedures.Methods 45 patients were diagnosed ostium secun-dum simple ASD by ultrasound cardiogram and clinical manifestation,they were divided into one -stop hybrid proce-dure group (n =20)and classical surgical procedure (n =25).Age,gender,weight,post operation hospital day,on -pump time,blood transfusion amount,drainage flow,incision length and incidence of complication between the two groups were compared.Results Age and weight had no difference between the two groups(t =0.40 and 1.64,P >0.05),but the proportion of female cases in one -stop hybrid procedure group was higher than post operation(χ2 =9.45,P 0.05).And one -stop hybrid procedure group was off -pump without blood transfusion.Conclusion One -stop hybrid procedure was simple,could make a quick recovery post operation and was an ideal method for ostium secundum ASD treatment.
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Objective:is toTo detect a new type of micro-injection pump, its flow rate of quality control testing and syringe pump through the comparative analysis, and study its accuracy and stability. Methods:A certain brand of injection flow rate accuracy and stability of drug pumps and syringe pumps were detected by the use of professional Fluke infusion device analyzer and a dedicated infusion line. Results:Compared the injection pump with syringe pump flow rate of errors, a flow rate was 1 ml/h, t. The errordeviation range of micro-injection pump flow rate is larger than the syringe pump, and a flow rate was 25 ml/h and 50 ml/h, both the same, . Wwith drug detection time went on, a flow rate of injection pump has tended to stabilize. After the flow rate is stable, the longer the detection time is, the overall error is smaller. At the time of 15 min, test data are in line with national testing standards. Conclusion:The combination of injection pump and infusion pump, the micro-injection pump can meet the growing demand for clinical departments, and its stability and accuracy can meet the national standards.
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Objective:To study the electrical safety of multi-parameter monitor and defibrillation monitor, and guarantee the safe and effective operation by through the medical equipment electrical safety performance in our hospital.Methods: To test 101 different models of multi-parameter monitor and defibrillation monitor electrical safety.Results: The one-time pass rate of 96%, and the two-time rate was 98%, also one multi-parameter monitor and defibrillation monitor hadn’t meet electrical safety performance after repairing.Conclusion: The equipments that don’t meet electrical safety performance prohibit using for clinical purposes; To ensure the safety of medical equipment and life safety of medical workers and patients by through developing the testing of the medical equipment electrical safety performance in our hospital.
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Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) causes significant yield loss in susceptible crops irrigated with contaminated water. However, detection of TMV in water is difficult owing to extremely low concentrations of the virus. Here, we developed a simple method for the detection and quantiifcation of TMV in irrigation water. TMV was reliably detected at concentrations as low as 10 viral copies/μL with real-time PCR. The sensitivity of detection was further improved using polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000, MW 6000) to concentrate TMV from water samples. Among the 28 samples from Shaanxi Province examined with our method, 17 were tested positive after virus concentration. Infectivity of TMV in the original water sample as well as after concentration was conifrmed using PCR. The limiting concentration of TMV in water to re-infect plants was determined as 102 viral copies/mL. The method developed in this study offers a novel approach to detect TMV in irrigation water, and may provide an effective tool to control crop infection.
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Objective:Preparations level by hospital accreditation and discussion hospital medical equipment quality and safety management indicators. Methods:Ministry of health, three general hospital accreditation standards implementing rules (2011 edition)(thejudging criteria) on hospital quality and safety of medical equipment management requirements research. Results:Establish five indicators hospital medical equipment quality and safety management, include adverse event monitoring indicators, strong inspection of measuring instruments management indicators, the use of personnel training management indicators, emergency life support equipment management class indicators, single-use sterile medical supplies and equipment management indicators. Conclusion:Proposed hospital quality and safety of medical equipment management indicators help to ensure the quality and safety of medical equipment, to provide a reference by exploring management indicators for the quality and safety management of medical equipment.
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Anti-microbial properties of 21 endophytic fungal strains from Hypericum perforatum Linn, were evaluated against three human pathogens, Staphyloccocus aureus, Escherichia coll and Rhodotorula glutinis, and two phytopathogens, Rhizoctonia cerealis and Pyricularia grisea
The results indicated that the ethyl acetate extracts of endophytic fermentation broth had stronger anti-microbial activities than their fermentation broth. And the inhibitory effect of the endophytic extracts on human pathogens was better than those on phytopathogens. Among these endophytic fungi, strains GYLQ-10, GYLQ-24 and GYLQ-22 respectively showed the strongest activities against S. aureu, E. coli, R. glutinis. GYLQ-14 and GYLQ-22 exhibited the most pronounced effect on P. Grisea while both GYLQ-06 and GYLQ-08 had the strongest anti-microbial activities against R. cerealis. Till now, this study is the first report on the isolation of endophytic fungi from H. Perforatum Linn, and their anti-microbial evaluation
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the image quality, diagnostic accuracy and effective radiation dose of prospectively ECG- triggered high-pitch spiral double scanning (Double Flash) mode of computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) using dual-source CT for the diagnosis of significant coronary stenoses.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients underwent both CTCA in Double Flash mode and conventional coronary angiography (CAG) and were divided into two groups according to heart rate (HR), namely group A with HR <65/min (62 cases) and group B with HR between 65 and 80/min (52 cases). All the coronary segments were evaluated by two blinded and independent observers for image quality on a four-point scale and for the presence of significant coronary stenoses (defined as a diameter narrowing exceeding 50%). CAG served as the reference standard for analyzing the diagnostic accuracy of Double Flash mode images on the level of both patients and vessels. Radiation dose values were calculated using the dose-length product.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 114 patients were enrolled and 1725 vessel segments were displayed. In terms of image quality, the diagnosable segments accounted for 98.5% (919/933) in group A and 97.3% (770/792) in group B. In the per-patient analysis, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 100%, 90.5%, 88.2%, 100% and 96.7% in group A and were 100%, 88.5%, 94.5%, 100% and 96.2% in group B, respectively. The mean effective radiation dose was 1.63∓0.52 mSv.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Double Flash spiral protocol of dual-source CTCA can acquire good image quality and yield high diagnostic accuracy for assessment of coronary artery stenoses at a low radiation dose in patients with HR between 65 and 80/min.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Stenosis , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Coronary Vessels , Diagnostic Imaging , Heart Rate , Radiation Dosage , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, Spiral ComputedABSTRACT
Objective To study the characteristic of inhibition on platelet P2Y12 and short-term change after clopidogrel intake in patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods Thirty-two patients with cardiovascular disease were enrolled. Samples at baseline, 10 h and 36 h after 300 mg loading dose and 75 mg/d maintenance dose of clopidogrel with 100 mg/d Aspirin intake were measured respectively. Platelet aggregation (PAgT) was measured on thromboelastograph(TEG) induced by ADP/AA. INH was detected and calculated activated by Kaolin, AA, ADP and Activator((R)) in the TEG reagent. CD62p and VASP phosphorylation (PRI), platelet activation markers were tested with FACSCalibur Flow Cytometry, and platelet secretion activity and suppression of P2Y12 receptor were detected respectively. The changes of indicators were compared before and after clopidogrel intake, and evaluate their function in platelet receptor activation. Results INHADP at baseline was (11.5 ±9.3)%, and increased to (42.5 ±29.1)% statistically (t =3.155, P<0.05) after taking the P2Y12 at 10 h, but decreased to (20.4±13.1)% at 36 h, non-statistical to baseline (t = 2.078, P > 0. 05) , INHAA increases from baseline level (56. 6 ± 36. 6) % to (83.0 ±27. 3)% at 10h(t=2.086,P>0.05) and (85. 4 ±20. 8)% at 36 h (t= 1. 888, P>0.05), no statistical defferences were found. Inhibition on platelet activativation induced by ADP function well till 36 h after 300 mg loading dose. PAgTADP decrease from (53. 7 ± 14. 1)% at baseline to (49. 2 ±22. 8)% at 10 h non-statistically (t=0.656, P>0.05), and (40.7±12.8)% at 36 h statistically (t=2.418, P<0.05), however PAgTAA decrease at both 10 h and 36 h statiscally, from (34. 3 ± 18. 1) % to (17.4 ± 13. 1) % , (t=3.134, P<0.05) and (14.6±5.1)%, (t=2.532, P<0.05), respectively. Data of PAgT was not corresponding to that from TEG for the difference in sample type partly. PRI in VASP assay was (78. 6 ± 22.3)% before loading dose, and decreased to (70.7 ±9.4)% at 10 h without significance (t = l. 194, P>0.05) and (59.6 ±28.0)% at 36 h (t=1.930,P<0.05) statistically, similarly to INHADP,indicating that within 36 h clopidogrel did not have strong inhibitory effect on the ADP receptor. On the contrary, CD62p changed from (7. 5 ± 1. 4) % at baseline to (4. 2 ± 1. 1) % statistically (10 h, t = 18. 027, P < 0. 05) and ( 4. 3 ± 0. 2 ) % non-statistically (36 h, t = 2. 908, P > 0. 05 ). Inhibition of secretion activity reflected by CD62p was significant. In contrast, it was more obvious inhibition in COX-1 passway, while the inhibition of P2Y12 receptor varied due to assay difference. Conclusions AA-induced platelet activation is significantly decreased in the inhibition of clopidogrel and aspirin, while ADP receptor is significantly inhibited until 36 h after the loading dose of clopidogrel. Platelet function in whole blood reflects total activity of platelet interaction with other components, in which no significant inhibition could be witnessed within 10 h.
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@#Objective To evaluate the effects of combination therapy of probucol and atorvastatin on adjusting lipids.Methods 92 spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) were randomly divided into the group C(control group) fed with normal diet and normal saline(NS),and group M,group A,group P and group P+A all fed with high lipids diet.At the same time,group M was added with NS,group P with probucol(150 mg/kg/day),group A with atorvastatin(10 mg/kg/day),and group P+A with probucol(150 mg/kg/day) plus atorvastatin(10 mg/kg/day).After 8 weeks,all rats were killed.The total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT) and glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase(GOT) were measured respectively before and after experiment.Results The serum levels of TC,LDL-C,HDL-C in every group with high lipids diet were obviously higher than baseline data(P<0.01),but TG level decreased.The serum levels of TC and LDL-C in the group P,group A and group P+A were significantly lower than that in the group M(P<0.01),especially in the group P+A.The serum level of HDL-C in the group P+A was obviously lower than that in the group M and group A(P<0.01).The serum levels of TG in the group P+A and group A were significantly lower than that in the group M(P<0.01),and that in the group P+A was lower than that in the group P(P<0.05).The serum levels of GPT and GOT in every group with high lipids diet(especially in the group M) were higher than ever(P<0.01),and that in the group P+A was obviously lower than that in the group A(P<0.01).Conclusion High lipids diet may due to the disorder of serum lipids and liver dysfunction.Combination therapy of probucol and atorvastatin can strengthen the effects on adjusting lipids,furthermore the effects are stronger than that of monotherapy.Combination therapy may reduce the hepatic damage that high lipids diet duo to,and decrease the hepatic negative effects of atorvastatin.
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@#Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of protective measures(hydration treatment)during perioperative period of interventional therapy for renal function of gerontic patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)complicated by chronic renal insufficiency(CRI).Methods The relation between hydration therapies and the renal function of 168 CAD patients(≥60 years old)complicated by CRI were analyzed.These patients were divided into three groups:in the group A,patients underwent selective coronary angiography(SCA)with conventional treatment during interventional perioperative period(IPP);in the group B,patients underwent SCA and treated with the NaCl plus low dose NaHCO3 during IPP;in the group C,patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and meanwhile treated with the same dose NaCl and NaHCO3 as the group B during IPP.Results Coronary interventions were successful in all 168 patients.Contrast medium associated nephropathy(CAN)was found in 30 patients,and incidences of the CAN were 17(27.4%)in the group A,3(7.5%)in the group B and 10(15.2%)in the group C,respectively.The accompanying diseases and characteristics of the patients also effected the incidence of CAN:the CAN incidence of patients with hyperlipidemia was significantly higher than that with normal cholesterol(P<0.001);patients with diabetes was significantly higher than that with normal serum glucose(P<0.001);patients with stenosis of renal artery was significantly higher than that with normal renal artery(P<0.001);patients with heart failure(grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ)was significantly higher than that with the grade Ⅰ～Ⅱ(P<0.001).Conclusion The hydration treatment with the NaCl plus low dose NaHCO3 during IPP can protect renal function and increase tolerance for gernotic CAD patients complicated by CRI during IPP,and improve prognosis.
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Objective To investigate transcriptional expression and promoter CpG methylation status of A-kinase anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12) gene and analyze their correlation with clinical pathological stage in bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Methods AKAP12 mRNA expression level and promoter CpG metbylation status was measured by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR (FQ-RT-PCR) and methylation specific PCR (MSP) in 30 bladder transitional cell carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues. The products of PCR were cloned and bisulfite sequenced. Results Decreased AKAP12 mRNA expression was demonstrated in 22 carcinomas (73. 3% ) and was significantly associated with turnout grade (P =0. 02).The frequency of promoter methylation of AKAP12 gene was 53. 3 % (16/30) and correlated with the tumor stage(r =0.52,Pn =0.03)and grade(r =0.61,Pn =0.01). Conclusion Aberrant promoter methylation of AKAP12 can result in the loss of gene expression and may association with bladder transitional cell carcinoma.
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BACKGROUND:Studies regarding atherosclerosis models preparation commonly established by feeding high-fat diet or arterial intimal injury to healthy or hyperlipoidemia animals.OBJECTIVE:To establish atherosclerosis models induced by feeding high-fat diet combined with arterial intimal injury of ventral aorta with balloon.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A comparative observation experiment was performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January to March 2007.MATERIALS:Twenty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into high-fat diet,and high-fat diet combined with arterial intimal injury groups,with 10 animals in each group.High-fat diet was composed of common forage,4% cholesterol,10% pork fat and 10% egg yolk powder.METHODS:Rabbits in the high-fat diet group were fed with high-fat diet.Animals in the high-fat diet combined with arterial intimal injury group were underwent operation of sacculus injury after fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Arteriae aorta was harvested after 12 weeks of operation and received pathological examination,thickness ratio of fatty streak and plaque,intima,and tunica media was calculated.Serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL) was measured.RESULTS:After 12 weeks,the levels of TC,TG,HDL and LDL were increased,which was more obviously in the high-fat diet combined with arterial intimal injury group(P
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Objective To investigate the effects of different dosage of atorvastation on inflammatory factors in patients with unstable angina(UAP)post PCI.Methods 116 patients with their coming order were randomly divided into two groups.The observation group of 56 cases with the dosage of 20mg/d,and the control group of 60 cases with the common dosage of 10mg/d.Blood samples were examined at the day of the operation preoperatively,24 h after PCI,4W,12W after administration.Results(1)The consistency of hs-CRP and cTnI of patients after PCI were more higher than that before PCI(P